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CCIPA Standard

The Camera & Imaging Product Association (CIPA) is an organization that conducts performance testing on photographic equipment and provides standard measurement results. Nikon Inc. uses the CIPA Standard when providing information on the “shots per charge” battery information for its cameras.

Example: A Nikon D3S equipped with an AF-S NIKKOR 24–70mm f/2.8G ED lens, captured 4,200 images when measured at 23 °C/73.4 °F (±2 °C/3.6 °F) under the following test conditions: lens cycled from infinity to minimum range and one photograph taken at default settings once every 30 seconds. Live view not used.

Real life results will vary depending on factors such as temperature, use conditions and the number of times the battery is recharged.

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Optical Low-Pass Filter
A filter fitted in front of the image sensor to reduce moiré by filtering ultraviolet and infrared light.
Optical Viewfinder
The window in which the photographer frames the subject and checks focus. Find out more.
Overexposure
The result of the film or image sensor receiving too much light.
Orthochromatic Filter
A green or yellow-green filter used with black-and-white film, it compensates for the difference between the color sensitivity of film and the relative luminous efficiency of the human eye for more natural-looking pictures.
Open Flash
Refers to firing a flash unit with the shutter open. In long time exposures (at Bulb or Time setting), repeatedly firing a the flash creates a multiple-exposure, stroboscopic effect.
Optical Storage
See storage device
Optical VR
See VR
Overlap Servo
An autofocus method that provides continuous focus detection and calculation as the lens is being driven, allowing you to perform faster, more precise autofocusing, especially with moving subjects.